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What is meaning of term ‘Painting with words’?

The technical advancement in Artificial intelligence or Al has helped recognise CT scans for doctors, predict oil deposits for engineers, and create and regulate algorithms among other things. But can Al generate art?

Creating art takes a unique combination of skills, creativity and the very human element of aesthetic taste. In April 2022, OpenAl, an artificial intelligence (AI) research laboratory, came up with a text-to-image generator that can draw anything you want virtually. This has been done before but the difference here is that the fleshed-out painting or images created by this system replicated the aesthetic design and taste of a real artist. This new Al system is called Dall-E 2 and is capable of turning any text description into a unique work of art. This is an updated system of Dall-E which was released by the company last year. The high-quality and high-resolution images generated by Dall- E 2 are completed within 10 seconds after one enters the prompts and also feature complex backgrounds, realistic depth, and shadow effects, shading and reflections. This free-for-all Al-powered software has made art more accessible, giving everyone a platform to create pictures with words without having to actually execute them with paint, cameras, or code.

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What is meaning of term ‘Plantable books’?

In order to educate and inspire ecologically responsible behaviour in young readers, Argentinian children's book publisher Pequeño Editor launched a project called Tree Book Tree in 2015. The books produced under the project were hand-stitched and printed with eco-friendly ink on recycled acid-free paper embedded with jacaranda tree seeds. The title produced, sold, and donated under the initiative was Mi Papá Estuvo en la Selva (that translates to My Dad Was in the Jungle, recommended for ages eight to 12). Each copy came with planting instructions and the plantable book was also put on display in bookstores, where the public could see it germinate. All books come from trees, and now there is one that will go back to being one.

Editorial director of the publishing house Pequeno Editor said on the project. "We think this book must be planted after it has been read many times, in such a way that every time a kid looks at that growing tree he will perfectly remember the story that gave birth to it."

This one-of-a-kind project inspired entrepreneurs such as Tom Willday to come up with willsow, the U.K's first plantable children's books publishing company that uses seed paper made out of recycled envelopes and vegetable-based ink to produce and print books featuring fruits and vegetables as protagonists.

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What is meaning of term ‘Afrofuturism’?

The term Afrofuturism was coined by culture critic Mark Dery in 1994 in his essay Black to the Future to point out the lack of black writers and black stories in science fiction. Dery described the term as a type of speculative fiction that treats African-American themes and addresses these individuals concerns in the context of the 20th Century techno-culture. This sub-genre of science fiction is one where black artists can tell stories of their limited past intertwined with their complicated present to come up with new ideas and reimagine a future which is divorced from the racial and cultural stereotypes that society perpetuates on them. This future is often more hopeful and includes themes such as liberation that have long been the core element of the black experience.

The works labelled Afrofuturism transverse the categories from literature, philosophy, and music to films and visual art. Some musicians who have incorporated Afrofuturism in their work aesthetically and sonically include Janelle Monáe and Sun Ra. In literature, Octavia E. Butler's groundbreaking book Kindred and Tomi Adeyemi's 2018 novel Children of Blood and Bone explore and merge African-American literature and mythology with themes that are relevant today. In cinema, the success of Marvel's Black Panther solidifies the entry of Afrofuturism on the big screen, giving young black boys and girls a chance to imagine themselves as superheroes.

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What is meaning of term ‘Hopepunk’?

Essentially created as a counter of grimdark a sub-genre of fantasy fiction that emphasises the flaws in human nature and its capacity for cruelty (typified by books such as George RR Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire), the term hopepunk was coined in a 2017 Tumblr post by American author Alexandra Rowland. Her post went viral, and in 2019 hopepunk entered the Collins English Dictionary, which defined it as "a literary and artistic movement that celebrates the pursuit of positive aims in the face of adversity".

In the midst of the present political, economic and environmental uncertainties, it is easy to feel weary and hopeless. However, works that come under the literary genre of hopepunk motivate one to work towards creating a better world and believe in humankind's capability to bring about positive change. Here are a few books from this genre to lift your spirit: A Psalm for the Wild-Built by Becky Chambers, The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tolkien, and A Conspiracy of Truths by Alexandra Rowland.

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What is meaning of term ‘Eco-horror’?

Global warming is changing horror movies, and the popularity of the up-and-coming horror subgenre eco-horror or ecological horror suggests that it is not likely to stop anytime soon. These movies are taking inspiration from humankind's fractured relationship with the environment to present scenarios where nature fights back against its two-legged inhabitant's misuse and exploitation of the planet's resources.

The first rumbling of eco-horror can be traced back to the mid-2000s, with disaster stories depicting nature itself as the monster threatening to wipe out all of humanity on Earth. The earliest example of this include release of climate disaster epics such as The Day After Tomorrow and documentaries  such as An Inconvenient Truth that shocked the general public's conscience. Since then we have seen more and more eco-war movies that aim at reminding us that we merely exist as an extension of nature and can never take complete control of it.

Some examples from the genre that represents the existential dread we feel about the irreversible damage we have done to the planet include books turned movies such as The Girl with All the Gifts, Annihilation, and Crawl.

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What is meaning of term ‘Blockchain, NFT’?

Blockchain and NFT are buzz words in the technology industry today.

Blockchain corresponds to a distributed database that maintains a continuously growing list of ordered records, called blocks. These blocks are then linked using cryptography. A blockchain thus serves as a decentralised distributed and public ledger that is used to record transactions across many computers.

NFT stands for non-fungible token. As it is non-fungible, it cannot be replaced or exchanged for something of identical value. Basically blockchain tokens representing unique digital items. NFT allows you to buy and sell ownership of unique digital items.

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What is meaning of term ‘loT’?

IoT stands for Internet of Things. It describes the network of physical objects or things that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies to serve the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet. There are nearly 10 billion loT devices today, ranging from simple household devices to sophisticated industrial tools. This number is only expected to rise further, reaching over 20 billion by 2025.

The loT has become one of the most important technologies of the 21st century as it blurs the boundaries between the physical and digital worlds, allowing them to cooperate better than ever before.

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What is meaning of term ‘Tanking’?

We play any sport to try and win, right? Not by everyone and not always. While you might be thinking about match fixing in sports, we are actually talking about tanking.

Tanking in sports corresponds to the practice by a team or an individual to intentionally do less than everything they can to win. The logic behind tanking usually revolves around future gains. While a team finishing last in some leagues (think basketball, American football) might get a first draft for a new player next season, individuals (think tennis, badminton) might be tanking in order to conserve energy in order to perform better in the next phase of the game. Tanking is mostly frowned upon by players, pundits, and fans and is even sometimes referred to as a disgraceful art and not sporting.

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What is meaning of term ‘Castling’?

If you've ever played chess, you will be aware that a player usually moves only a single piece. We say "usually because there is one time in chess when you can move two pieces in one move. Castling is that move.

Castling is a special move to protect the king on the board and activate the rook. During this move, the king moves two squares to the left or right and the rook moves directly to the other side of the king. Keep in mind that castling can be done only if neither the king nor the rook have made a move, and there are no pieces in the way. Castling cannot be done when in check, into check or through check.

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