Category Environment

Why do pelicans have a sack in their beaks?

Pelicans use the sack for catching fish. Interestingly, different species of pelicans use different hunting methods. Some hunt in a semicircular formation and drive the fish from deep to shallow water so that the fish cannot dive down. The pelicans then immerse their long beaks in the water and scoop the fish in their sacks. The baby pelicans feed by taking the fish from the sack of the parents. Another species, the brown pelicans, does a vertical nosedive in the water from a height of 10-20 m and fills its sack with fishes from the deep water.

 

 

How do frogs develop?

The growth rate of the frog’s population is the same in ponds near the coast or in the garden at home. Tadpoles develop from fertilized gelatinous eggs. These are larvae of frogs, which have gills and move forward with the help of a tail. Gradually, they go through a transformation to become a frog. The process is called metamorphosis. The tadpoles develop front and back legs, cartilages become bones, the tail retracts, lungs develop, and the gills regress. Now, it can move on land as well as water. Such a metamorphosis takes place in other animals too, for instance in butterflies or beetles.

 

What are salt meadows?

Salt meadows are area at the sea coast that are not flooded daily by sea water like the tidelands or the beaches. They are flooded only by the high tide at regular intervals. The soil in these areas contains salt and is poorly ventilated; therefore, only a few plants can survive. Plants having an affinity for salt, like the beach lilac and the beach aster, grow here. Since the meadows sink completely in the strong sea at high tides, the plants of the salt meadows have resistant stalks and leaves to withstand the forces of the wine and the sea.

Which animals live in the Himalayas?

The highest mountain peak of the world is Mount Everest with a height of 8850 m. Animal do not live on ice-covered mountain peaks and in the areas where even mountaineers can manage only with an oxygen flask. Animals that have adapted themselves to the rough conditions live below a height of 6000 m – goat-like animals such as Himalayan tahrs, ibexes and cashmere goats, the pikas with their small ears and the endangered snow leopard. Yaks are also found here, which the local people use for carrying loads. 

Are there camels in the Andes?

There are two wild species of camels in the highlands of the South American Andes: vicunas and guanacos. Contrary to their Asian and African counterparts, the two-humped Bactrian camel and the single-humped Arabian camel respectively, vicunas and guanacos do not have any humps and are also much smaller. Guanacos live in open grasslands at a height of up to 4000 m, and vicunas live in higher regions. About 5000 years ago, humans started breeding animals in the Andes, which gave rise to the species of lama and alpaca. The smaller alpacas provide very soft wool.