Category Science

How to make your own friendship bracelet?

Weave Your Own Friendship Bracelet

In many countries, people make rugs, baskets, and blankets. They make them by weaving, Weavers use a machine called a loom to cross threads over and under one another. The threads are made of cotton, silk, or even grass. Sometimes the threads are coloured with dyes made from plants. You can make a simple hand loom out of straws and use it to weave a bracelet for your friend.

You Will Need:

  • 1 metre thin cotton thread
  • 2 plastic drinking straws, each cut in half
  • different-coloured yarn

What To Do:

1. Cut the thread into four equal pieces and pass each piece through a straw. Tie the four ends above the straws into a knot.

2. Knot the other end of each piece of thread.

3.Tie a piece of yarn to the thread just below the top knot.

4.Weave the yarn under and over the straws from side to side. Use your fingers to push up each row of yarn onto the thread and slide the straws down. To change colours, tie a new piece of yarn to the end of the first one and weave in the loose ends.

5. Make your bracelet long enough to tie around your friend’s wrist. When your bracelet is the length you want, remove the straws. To fasten the last row, tie the end of the yarn to the piece of the thread. Then tie a knot with the two pieces of thread on the left. Repeat with the pair on the right. Finally, tie together the four thread pieces with another knot.

Now you are ready to give your bracelet to a friend!

 

Picture Credit : Google

How to make your own continent map?

Make Your Own Continent Map

Just as you can learn a lot about a place by looking at a map, you can learn a lot by making your own map. Choose a continent in this chapter that you would like to learn more about, and map it!

You Will Need:

  • books or encyclopaedia articles about your favourite continent
  • a pencil
  • a large sheet of paper crayons or felt-tipped pens

What To Do:

1. Read about the continent and answer the following questions: What is the tallest mountain? What is the longest river? What is the largest lake or desert What animals live there? What are the biggest cities?

2. Look through encyclopaedias and other books to find different maps of your continent. How do these maps show important information, such as the locations of mountains, rivers, and large cities?

3. Trace or copy the outline of the continent onto the large sheet of paper.

4. Now use a pencil to fill in the map outline. Choose symbols to show cities, rivers, mountains, deserts, and the animals that live in different places on the continent.

5. Colour your map. Use green for land, blue for water, and brown for mountains.

6. Decorate the border of your map with pictures of the continent’s people, animals, and any other features you want to show.

Now, laminate your map or put it in a plastic cover.

 

Picture Credit : Google

Which was the first animal launched into space?

The Soviet Union stunned the world on Nov. 3, 1957, with the launch of Sputnik 2. On board the small satellite was a little dog, Laika, the first animal to orbit Earth. However, Laika was not the first animal in space. The United States and the U.S.S.R. had been putting animals atop rockets since 1947.

Laika was a young, mostly-Siberian husky. She was rescued from the streets of Moscow. Soviet scientists assumed that a stray dog would have already learned to endure harsh conditions of hunger and cold temperatures. Laika and two other dogs were trained for space travel by being kept in small cages and learning to eat a nutritious gel that would be their food in space.

The dog’s name was originally Kudryavka, or Little Curly, but she became known internationally as Laika, a Russian word for several breeds of dog similar to a husky. American reporters dubbed her Muttnik as a pun on Sputnik.

Unfortunately, Laika’s trip into space was one-way only. A re-entry strategy could not be worked out in time for the launch. It is unknown exactly how long Laika lived in orbit — perhaps a few hours or a few days — until the power to her life-support system gave out. Sputnik 2 burned up in the upper atmosphere in April 1958.

 

Picture Credit : Google

Who are three recipients of Nobel Prize for Physics in recognition of pioneering work?

The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to three astrophysicists Tuesday for work that was literally out of the world, and indeed the universe. They are Roger Penrose, an Englishman, Reinhard Genzel, a German, and Andrea Ghez, an American. They were recognized for their work on the gateways to eternity known as black holes, massive objects that swallow light and everything else forever that falls in their unsparing maws.

Black holes were one of the first and most extreme predictions of Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity, first announced in November 1915. The theory explains the force we call gravity, as objects try to follow a straight line through a universe whose geometry is warped by matter and energy. As a result, planets as well as light beams follow curving paths, like balls going around a roulette wheel.

Einstein was taken aback a few months later when Karl Schwarzschild, a German astronomer, pointed out that the equations contained an apocalyptic prediction: In effect, cramming too much matter and energy inside too small a space would cause space-time to collapse into a point of infinite density called a singularity. In that place — if you could call it a place — neither Einstein’s equations nor any other physical law made sense.

Einstein could not fault the math, but he figured that in real life, nature would find a way to avoid such a calamity.

 

Picture Credit : Google

How many moons does Pluto have?

It is intriguing that such a small planet can have such a complex collection of satellites. The discovery provides additional clues for unraveling how the Pluto system formed and evolved.

Pluto’s entire moon system is believed to have formed by a collision between two the dwarf planet and another Kuiper Belt Object early in the history of the solar system. The smashup flung material that coalesced into the family of satellites observed around Pluto.

“The moons form a series of neatly nested orbits, a bit like Russian dolls,” said Mark Showalter of the SETI Institute.

The known moons of Pluto are:

  • Charon: Discovered in 1978, this small moon is almost half the size of Pluto. It is so big Pluto and Charon are sometimes referred to as a double planet system.
  • Nix and Hydra: These small moons were found in 2005 by a Hubble Space Telescope team studying the Pluto system.
  • Kerberos: Discovered in 2011, this tiny moon is located between the orbits of Nix and Hydra.
  • Styx: Discovered in 2012, this little moon was found by a team of scientists searching for potential hazards to the New Horizons spacecraft Pluto flyby in July 2015.
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Picture Credit : Google

Which dwarf planet is believed to have harboured a global subsurface ocean that likely froze long ago?

Remnants of an ancient water ocean are buried beneath the icy crust of dwarf planet Ceres — or, at least, lingering pockets of one. That’s the tantalizing find presented August 10 by scientists working on NASA’s Dawn mission. 

By far, Ceres is the largest object in the asteroid belt, which girdles the inner planets between Mars and Jupiter. But unlike its rockier neighbors, Ceres is a giant ice ball. It holds more water than any world in the inner solar except for Earth. That knowledge had long led some astronomers to suspect Ceres may have once had a subsurface ocean, which is part of the reason NASA sent the Dawn spacecraft there.

Ceres is the only dwarf planet in the inner solar system, and it locks up one-third of the entire mass in the asteroid belt. Astronomers think Ceres is a protoplanet, the fossilized remains of a world that never fully formed. But its growth was halted before it could become a full planet. Having such a history means Ceres likely holds an early record of our solar system’s primordial past — hence the name Dawn.

 

Picture Credit : Google