Category Kids Queries

The chemical at the heart of our discomfort is called propanethial S-oxide, which is also known as lachrymatory factor (LF). The technical term for our tear glands is “lacrimal glands,” and LF is a chemical that causes tears.

When we start chopping, the cells inside the onion are broken up. As a consequence, an enzyme called alliinase is released, which produces the chemicals that are subsequently broken down into flavor molecules. These give onions their characteristic taste.

Some of the chemicals involved in this reaction are turned into LF by LF synthase. When LF comes into contact with the front of the eye, or the cornea, nerve endings located here signal to the brain that an irritant has arrived on the scene. This, in turn, leads to signaling back from the brain to the tear glands.

Wear safety glasses if you don’t want to tear up while slicing an onion. You’ll look a little silly, but that beats looking like a crybaby.

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Salt isn’t the only substance your body craves. The human tongue prefers sweet, salty, and fatty flavors to the more subtle tastes of veggies, whole grains, beans, and other good-for-you foods. Sweet fruits and fatty meats pack a lot of energy, which was essential to our ancestors in the age before Twinkies, fast-food restaurants, and 24-hour convenience stores. Our bodies still crave these high-calorie foods (which is why they taste so good). Companies that make breakfast cereals, potato chips, candy bears, and other junk food are well aware of our cravings and tailor the tastes of their foods to trigger our addiction to sweets, salts and fats.

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You can do this a lot different ways. One is to touch your tongue to the roof of your mouth. If you have the ability to roll your tongue, this is even better. The bottom of your tongue will be warmer, mostly because the top is still covered in ice cream. You can also use your breath. Just cup your hand over your mouth and nose and breathe in and out through your mouth. This rush of warm air will help heat up the sensitive nerves in the roof of your mouth. A gentle rub on the back of the neck will help take away sensation from all the pain you’re feeling in your head. The warm water will instantly warm the roof of your mouth and help stop brain freeze.

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If you catch stomach flu (usually a virus in your guts), swallow food spoiled by bacteria, or simply pig out until your body rebels, your stomach will kick into reverse to eject whatever’s causing the trouble. Your guts churn, your head spins, and your throat begin to burn. Before you know it, blaaargh! You’ve launched your lunch! Clammy skin, waves of uneasiness, and a queasy feeling known as nausea usually precede puking, giving you a heads-up to hang your head over the toilet. Motion sickness – a condition brought on by winding roads, rocking boats, or back-to-back rides on the Tilt-a Whirl – can lead to hurling, too.

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You don’t have to do anything. Sneezing is a lightning-fast involuntary reaction, in which your chest, stomach, throat, and face muscles work together to blast particles from your nasal passages. The whole process lasts less than three seconds, and it propels spit, boogers, chewed food, and other particles from your nose and mouth at nearly 100 miles per hour (mph) or 161 kph.

When a foreign particle enters your nose, it may interact with the tiny hairs and delicate skin that line your nasal passage. These particles and contaminants range from smoke, pollution, and perfume to bacteria, mold, and dander.

When the delicate lining of your nose experiences the first tinge of a foreign substance, it sends an electric signal to your brain. This signal tells your brain that the nose needs to clear itself. The brain signals your body that it’s time for a sneeze, and your body responds by preparing itself for the impending contraction. In most cases, the eyes are forced shut, the tongue moves to the roof of the mouth, and the muscles brace for the sneeze. All of this happens in just a few seconds.

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Sometimes dust, flakes of dead skin, pollution, microbes, or your own booger buildup from a cold find their way into your nose’s air passages. When mucous membranes in the lining of your nose detect these intruders, they send an urgent message to your brain: Unleash a sneeze!

It may be annoying, but sneezing is good for you. It’s an important part of your immune process, and helps protect your body against bacteria and viruses. So, the next time you feel a sneeze coming on, let it out. It’s your body’s way of keeping you safe.

Holding in a sneeze can be dangerous. A sneeze is so powerful that keeping it in can rupture your eardrums, cause your nose to bleed or damage the blood vessels in your eyes and brain.   

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